With an area of approximately 0.44 square kilometers (0.17 square miles), Vatican City is the smallest independent state in the world. It is an enclave within Rome, Italy, and serves as the spiritual and administrative headquarters of the Roman Catholic Church.
Located on the French Riviera, Monaco has an area of about 2.02 square kilometers (0.78 square miles). It is known for its luxurious lifestyle, prestigious casinos, and the Formula One Monaco Grand Prix.
Nauru is a small island nation located in Micronesia, with an area of around 21 square kilometers (8.1 square miles). It is known for its phosphate mining industry.
Situated in the Pacific Ocean, Tuvalu has an area of approximately 26 square kilometers (10 square miles). It is a low-lying island nation comprising nine coral atolls and is vulnerable to rising sea levels and climate change.
Located within Italy, San Marino has an area of about 61 square kilometers (24 square miles). It is one of the oldest republics in the world and is known for its medieval architecture and scenic mountainous landscapes.